Technique - (55) Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy

Type: Experimental

Description: TIRF or confocal detection of fluorophore-labeled molecules; FRET, conformational dynamics.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics – Institute of Physics (IPHYS) | Laboratory of Quantum and Nano-Optics (LQNO, Galland Group) @ EPFL
Summary:

Galland leads LQNO at EPFL investigating light-matter interactions in nano-structures and the quantum regime. Research directions: (1) NV centers in diamond for quantum sensing β€” spectroscopy of NV spin states in ultra-thin diamond membranes, development of diamond nanophotonic platforms for enhanced sensing sensitivity; collaboration on quantum sensing with color centers; (2) Plasmonic nanocavities β€” few-nm gap junctions enhance Raman scattering by Γ—10^9, enabling single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy and coherent control; ultrafast and single-photon detection of coherent phonon dynamics; (3) 2D heterostructure photonics β€” entangled photon pair generation enhanced by TMD heterostructures; valley-polarized exciton sources; (4) Optical frequency conversion for quantum applications. SNSF-funded professor, internationally recognized for molecular optomechanics and carbon nanotube quantum optics.

Department(s)/lab(s): EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, UNSW Medicine and Health | Gambin Single Molecule Biophysics Group @ UNSW
Summary:

Gambin was the first EMBL Australia group leader appointed to Single Molecule Science. His signature method combines cell-free protein expression with two-colour single-molecule coincidence and fluctuation spectroscopy, which sidesteps purification entirely: proteins are expressed, labelled and measured in lysate, an order of magnitude faster than conventional interaction assays. The biology is protein self-association and aggregation β€” alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's, cardiac and muscular disease proteins β€” where the size distribution of oligomers, not the mean, is the quantity of interest. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work β€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity β€” the conceptual overlap with quantum biosensing is the insistence on distributions over averages, and his aggregation systems (paramagnetic-species-generating, redox-active amyloid) are a plausible target for T1-relaxometry-based NV detection at pT/sqrt(Hz) in the near term.

Department(s)/lab(s): Chemistry – Photon Science Institute | Gardner Group (Analytical and Biomedical Spectroscopy) @ Manchester
Summary:

Gardner's group develops infrared and Raman microspectroscopy for biomedical diagnostics and disease sensing. Research directions: (1) FTIR synchrotron microspectroscopy β€” using Diamond Light Source synchrotron IR beam for high-spatial-resolution chemical mapping of biological tissues for cancer diagnosis; (2) Raman microspectroscopy β€” label-free chemical imaging of cells and tissue for disease classification using machine-learning chemometrics; (3) SERS probes β€” developing gold nanoparticle SERS labels for targeted cancer biomarker detection; (4) Breathomics β€” on-chip photonic sensors for exhaled breath analysis for early disease detection. The infrared and Raman methods provide label-free molecular sensing with potential for quantum-enhanced sensitivity.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics – Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne UniversitΓ© | Optical Imaging in Complex Media Group (Gigan Group / LKB) @ Sorbonne
Summary:

Gigan leads the Optical Imaging group at LKB, pioneering wavefront shaping and computational imaging through scattering media. Research directions: (1) Wavefront shaping / transmission matrix β€” measuring the ~10^5 optical modes of a scattering sample's transmission matrix to focus and image through highly scattering biological tissues; roadmap on deep tissue imaging (J. Phys. Photonics 2022, lead author); (2) Multimode quantum optics through complex media β€” spatially multimode squeezed states transmitted through scattering media for quantum-enhanced imaging; (3) Optical computing / AI β€” using multiple scattering as a physical neural network for reservoir computing and nonlinear machine learning (LightOn spin-off, 2016); (4) Neurophotonics applications β€” focusing through the skull for deep brain imaging. Two ERC grants (2011, 2017). Optica Fellow. IUF member (2016–2021).

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics – Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne UniversitΓ© | Quantum Fluids of Light Group (Glorieux Group / LKB) @ Sorbonne
Summary:

Glorieux leads the Quantum Fluids of Light and Nanophotonics group at LKB. Research directions: (1) Quantum fluids of light in atomic vapors β€” hot Rb/Cs vapor as paraxial photon fluids exhibiting superfluidity, soliton dynamics, and vortex formation; first analogue cosmological particle creation (Hawking effect) in a photon fluid (Nature Communications 2022); (2) Polariton superfluids β€” exciton-polariton microcavities for analogue gravity, Bogoliubov dispersion mapping, and first-order dissipative phase transitions; (3) Nanophotonics β€” coupling single quantum emitters (nanofiber-coupled atoms, perovskite nanocrystals) for quantum photonics and sensing; displacement sensor based on optical nanofiber; (4) Optical computing interfaces with quantum systems. Marie Curie IOF Fellow (2011), City of Paris Young Scientist Award (2015).

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics | Golding Lab @ UIUC
Summary:

Uses single-molecule fluorescence microscopy in live bacteria to study stochastic gene expression, chromosome organization, and cell-to-cell variability.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Chemistry | Gooding Biosensors and Surface Chemistry Group @ UNSW
Summary:

Gooding is one of the world's most-cited biosensor scientists (inaugural editor-in-chief of ACS Sensors) and runs a group of over thirty researchers spanning surface chemistry, electrochemistry and nanomedicine. The sensing programme that matters here is the move from ensemble to digital, single-molecule-resolved detection: nanoparticle-tethered electrochemical sensors in which single binding events are counted rather than averaged, nanopore blockade sensors for protein biomarkers such as PSA, amplification-free nucleic-acid detection, and antifouling surface chemistries that make any of this work in real biological fluid. He has a strong commercialisation record (AgaMatrix glucose sensors). Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work β€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity β€” his single-molecule-counting philosophy is the biosensing analogue of moving from a pT/sqrt(Hz) NV ensemble to single-spin detection: in both cases the sensitivity gain comes from resolving individual events rather than improving an averaged signal. He is also the obvious collaborator for anyone trying to functionalise a diamond or nanoparticle quantum sensor for a real analyte.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics & Astronomy – Photon Science Institute | Graham Group (SERS and Nanoplasmonic Biosensing) @ Manchester
Summary:

Graham's group develops SERS-based nanoplasmonic sensing platforms for biomedical applications. Research directions: (1) SERS nanogap substrates β€” engineering colloidal gold and silver nanostructure clusters with reproducible, high-enhancement nanogaps for single-molecule SERS detection; (2) In vivo SERS β€” intravenous SERS nanotags for tumor imaging and multiplexed biomarker detection in living organisms; (3) Microfluidic SERS β€” integrating SERS probes in microfluidic channels for continuous monitoring of circulating biomarkers; (4) Quantitative SERS β€” calibration strategies for absolute analyte quantification for clinical diagnostics. Extreme sensitivity (single-molecule) relevant to quantum-enhanced optical sensing.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics (Biological Physics) | Chromatin Dynamics Lab @ Oxford
Summary:

Gruszka's Chromatin Dynamics Lab combines real-time single-molecule imaging with biochemistry and biophysics (including in Xenopus egg-extract systems) to study how epigenetic information carried by nucleosomes is disassembled and re-established during DNA replication. The lab is actively recruiting postdoctoral fellows.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Physics (joint with Biochemistry and Pharmacology) | Hinde Laboratory (Cell Nucleus Biophysics) @ UMelb
Summary:

Hinde is a fluorescence-fluctuation physicist embedded in cell biology: she uses pair-correlation function analysis, number-and-brightness, phasor-FLIM and FRET to read out chromatin compaction, protein-chromatin binding dynamics and nucleocytoplasmic transport in living nuclei, at spatial and temporal scales that conventional imaging averages away. The programme is a technique-pushing one β€” the emphasis is on extracting nanoscale structural information from photon statistics rather than on brute-force localisation β€” and it is now being coupled to quantum sensing through her QUBIC investigatorship, where the goal is to combine fluorescence readouts with NV-based magnetic and spin-noise contrast in the same cell. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work β€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity β€” her role in QUBIC is to supply the cell-biological questions and the correlative optical readouts that make pT/sqrt(Hz)-class ensemble sensing biologically interpretable. Preferred attribute present: lifetime- and orientation-resolved methods pushing past the usual resolution limits.