Loth combines ESR-STM with ultrafast terahertz-driven STM to read out and control individual atomic and molecular spins with atomic spatial and picosecond temporal resolution - single-spin quantum sensing at the ultimate spatial limit. In the broader landscape of NV-centre ensemble quantum sensing (DEER, nano-NMR, T1 relaxometry) operating near pT/sqrt(Hz) sensitivity, this work pushes spin sensing to the single-atom, ultrafast regime.

Morello heads the Fundamental Quantum Technologies Laboratory and is the person who first read out the spin of a single electron, and then a single nucleus, in silicon. Current directions: high-spin donors (antimony-123, with eight nuclear levels) used as qudits and as sensors of local strain and electric field; nuclear acoustic resonance, in which a strain wave rather than a magnetic field drives the nuclear spin; engineered decoherence experiments as tests of quantum foundations; and precision tomography of multi-qubit donor registers. The group's donors are among the longest-coherence solid-state spins known (seconds for nuclei). Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work — DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity — a single-donor nuclear spin in silicon is functionally an NV centre with better coherence and worse readout: the same DEER, dynamical-decoupling and nuclear-register protocols apply, and the group's high-spin qudit work is aimed at exactly the multi-level sensing enhancements that the NV community is now chasing. Preferred attribute present: sensitivity and coherence, not fabrication, are the limiting variables here.

Otte's group pioneered electron-spin-resonance scanning tunneling microscopy (ESR-STM), positioning individual atoms one-by-one with a low-temperature STM tip and using all-electrical RF driving to coherently control and single-shot read out individual electron and nuclear spins (e.g., single 49Ti nuclei) with sub-neV energy resolution and atomic spatial resolution. Where NV-ensemble sensing reaches pT/sqrt(Hz) at the nanoscale, Otte's ESR-STM instead reaches the ultimate single-atom limit of magnetic sensing and quantum control, and the lab is developing a next-generation 15 T / 20 mK STM to push coherence times and energy resolution further.

Simmons pioneered atomic-precision fabrication in silicon: hydrogen-resist STM lithography, phosphine dosing and epitaxial silicon overgrowth to place individual dopant atoms with sub-nanometre accuracy, then measure them at millikelvin. The programme has produced single-atom transistors, precision dopant arrays used as analogue quantum simulators, and the largest atom-scale device platform in the world; she also founded Silicon Quantum Computing Pty Ltd. The sensing-relevant capability is the single-electron transistor as an exquisitely sensitive electrometer, capable of resolving individual charge transitions and mapping local electrostatic potential at the atomic scale. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work — DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity — her SET electrometry is the charge-domain counterpart to magnetic NV sensing at pT/sqrt(Hz): both are single-quantum-object detectors whose performance is limited by back-action and by the noise of the readout chain. Very large group, strongly fabrication-oriented and commercially entangled, which cuts against the stated preference for sensitivity-limited rather than fabrication-limited work.