Research Areas - (47) Observational Astrophysics

Full path: Astronomy / Astrophysics > Observational Astrophysics

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Department(s)/lab(s): Physics (Astrophysics) | Stars & Planets Group (Aigrain) @ Oxford
Summary:

Aigrain leads the Stars & Planets group, developing Bayesian data-analysis methods (including Gaussian-process regression) to disentangle stellar activity signals from exoplanet transit and radial-velocity data, with a leading role on the CoRoT, Kepler/K2, TESS, PLATO and Terra Hunting Experiment surveys.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Physics | UNSW Antarctic and Space Astrophysics Group (Ashley) @ UNSW
Summary:

Ashley builds instruments that must work unattended in the worst environment on Earth: the PLATO and related autonomous observatories on the Antarctic plateau (Dome A/C), where he characterised the site's exceptional infrared background, seeing and atmospheric stability, and built the power, thermal and control systems needed for a telescope to survive a polar winter with no human present. He also works on low-noise infrared detectors and on CubeSat instrumentation. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work — DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity — the discipline here — making a low-noise detector work reliably outside a controlled laboratory, with a hard power and thermal budget — is the same one that separates a benchtop pT/sqrt(Hz) magnetometer from a deployable one, and it is a skill set the quantum sensing field is short of. Borderline inclusion under the astronomy criterion; kept because the sensor and its environment are the entire object of study.

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Department(s)/lab(s): Astronomy | Barger Group @ UWMadison
Summary:

Observational cosmologist studying distant galaxies and supermassive black holes across X-ray, optical, near-IR, submillimeter, and radio wavelengths, tracing star formation and accretion histories of the universe.

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Department(s)/lab(s): Physics / Astronomy | Bechtol Group @ UWMadison
Summary:

Observational cosmologist working on the Dark Energy Survey and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory/LSST, using wide-field optical imaging to study dark energy, dark matter, and dwarf galaxies; involved in survey instrumentation and analysis pipelines.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Physics / Sydney Institute for Astronomy | Sydney Astrophotonic Instrumentation Laboratory (SAIL) @ USyd
Summary:

Bland-Hawthorn founded the field of astrophotonics and directs SAIL. The core idea is to replace bulk-optic astronomical instruments with single-mode photonic devices: the photonic lantern (an adiabatic multimode-to-single-mode transition that lets a seeing-limited telescope beam be fed into single-mode circuitry), fibre Bragg grating OH-suppression filters that notch out the ~100 atmospheric emission lines swamping the near-infrared, integral-field hexabundles, photonic combs and integrated spectrographs. He also leads Galactic archaeology work (GALAH, S5). Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work — DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity — SAIL is where a quantum-sensing physicist's instincts about single-mode optics, photon budgets and noise floors transfer most directly into astronomy — the entire discipline exists because photon-starved measurements need front-end optics designed at the fundamental limit, exactly as with pT/sqrt(Hz) magnetometry. Excellent pivot target; large group, deep fabrication resources.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics (Astrophysics) | Global Jet Watch @ Oxford
Summary:

Blundell studies the physics of relativistic jets, microquasars and active galaxies, running the Global Jet Watch: a network of five school-based telescopes spread in longitude around the globe that together deliver round-the-clock optical spectroscopy of Galactic black-hole binaries such as SS433.

Department(s)/lab(s): Institute of Astronomy | Bonsor Group @ Cambridge
Summary:

Bonsor studies the composition and evolution of exoplanetary systems through the spectra of polluted white dwarfs, whose atmospheres reveal the bulk geochemistry of accreted asteroids and comets, providing a unique observational window into planet formation and the delivery of prebiotic material.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Physics / Sydney Institute for Astronomy | Sydney Astrophotonic Instrumentation Laboratory (SAIL) @ USyd
Summary:

Bryant invented the hexabundle — a lightly-fused bundle of optical fibres that behaves as an imaging integral-field unit while retaining high throughput — and leads the Hector galaxy survey instrument built around them. Her work is squarely instrumentation: fibre bundle design and fabrication, throughput and cross-talk characterisation, and the deployment of hundreds of these units on a telescope to obtain spatially resolved spectroscopy of thousands of galaxies. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work — DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity — the connection is device-level rather than conceptual, but the discipline — squeezing every photon out of a fibre-coupled optical train — is the same one that governs collection-efficiency-limited pT/sqrt(Hz) NV ensemble readout. Borderline inclusion under the astronomy criterion; kept because the sensor front end is the object of study.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics | MIT Binary Star Astrophysics Group @ MIT
Summary:

NON-PREFERRED (astronomy pivot, kept for review). Burdge discovers and characterizes compact binary systems (white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes) using time-domain, multi-messenger methods, and develops ultrafast sub-electron-noise optical camera instrumentation (Lightspeed) for ground-based telescopes; this is a good fit for the 'sufficiently complicated sensor enabling temporal resolution' astro-pivot category rather than core quantum sensing.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics / A&A | Carlstrom Group @ UChicago
Summary:

Experimental cosmologist building and operating CMB telescopes. Directions: (1) South Pole Telescope — PI of SPT series; SPT-3G currently mapping CMB temperature and polarization at arcminute resolution; (2) thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect mapping for galaxy cluster cosmology; (3) CMB gravitational lensing for large-scale structure; (4) CMB-S4 design and planning. Argonne joint appointment. APS and AAAS Fellow.